Reinforcement enhancing effects of acute nicotine via electronic cigarettes

Nicotine levels in electronic cigarettes.

INTRODUCTION The electronic cigarette (EC) is a plastic device that imitates conventional cigarettes and was developed to deliver nicotine in a toxin-free vapor. Nicotine in a solution is heated and vaporized when a person puffs through the device and is inhaled as a vapor into the mouth. The EC is a new product on the market and little is known about its safety and nicotine delivery efficacy. ...

Electronic cigarettes: the new face of nicotine.

A rugged actor with a prematurely lined face and raspy voice expounds on the virtues of regaining our freedom. A flaxen-haired actress waxes poetic on the sex appeal of puffing up in a bar. These are not images pulled from the archives of the golden age of television, when advertising tobacco products on the airwaves was unregulated, but rather from a new, and relatively unregulated, chapter in...

Electronic cigarettes may lead to nicotine addiction.

Electronic cigarettes and nicotine clinical pharmacology

OBJECTIVE To review the available literature evaluating electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) nicotine clinical pharmacology in order to understand the potential impact of e-cigarettes on individual users, nicotine dependence and public health. METHODS Literature searches were conducted between 1 October 2012 and 30 September 2013 using key terms in five electronic databases. Studies were includ...

A clinical laboratory model for evaluating the acute effects of electronic "cigarettes": nicotine delivery profile and cardiovascular and subjective effects.

BACKGROUND Electronic "cigarettes" are marketed to tobacco users as potential reduced exposure products (PREP), albeit with little information regarding electronic cigarette user toxicant exposure and effects. This information may be obtained by adapting clinical laboratory methods used to evaluate other PREPs for smokers. METHODS Thirty-two smokers participated in four independent Latin-squa...